Objectives:

Primary:

• To develop a highly predictive algorithm that identifies TB patients who will be cured by treatment with shortened-duration regimens in a model that includes measured host clinical characteristics, pharmacokinetic data, and key bacterial measures. 

Secondary:

• To test and refine measures of initial bacterial load as predictors of successful four- and six-month TB treatments
• To test and refine measures of change in bacterial load during treatment as predictors of successful four- and six-month TB treatments
• To investigate the contribution of M. tuberculosis sub-breakpoint minimum inhibitory concentrations as predictors of successful four- and six-month TB treatments
• To identify simplified bacterial markers with the potential to be developed into a predictive test to identify TB patients who will be cured by treatment with shortened-duration regimens 

Partncipants enrolled in “Rifapentine-containing treatment shortening regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized, open-label, controlled phase 3 clinical trial” (CDC TB Trials Consortium Study 31/AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5349 [S31/A5349]; NCT02410772)